Journal Articles

Entries are ordered chronologically, then alphabetically by author.
  1. Ekman, P. (2016). What Scientists Who Study Emotion Agree About. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 11(1), 31-34.
  2. Turan, B., Foltz, C., Cavanagh, J. F., Wallace, B. A., Cullen, M., Rosenberg, E. L., Jennings, P., Ekman, P., & Kemeny, M. E. (2015). Anticipatory Sensitization to Repeated Stressors: the role of initital cortisol reactivity and meditation/emotion skills training. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 52, 229-238.
  3. Ekman, P. (2014). Who can we believe? Huffington Post.
  4. Ekman, P., Keltner, D. (2014). Darwin's Claim of Universals in Facial Expressions Not Challenged. Huffington Post.
  5. Levenson, R., Ekman, P., & Ricard, M. (2012). Meditation and the Startle Response: A Case Study. Emotion, 12(3) , 650-658.
  6. Kemeney, M. E., Foltz, C., Cavanagh, J. F., Cullen, M., Giese-Davis, J., Jennings, P., . . . Ekman, P. (2012). Contemplative emotion training reduces negative emotional behavior and promotes prosocial responses. Emotion, 12(2), 338-350. doi:10.1037/a0026118
  7. Ekman, P., Cordaro, D. (2011). What is meant by calling emotions basic. Emotion Review, 3(4), 364-370.
  8. Ekman, P. (2010). Darwin's Compassionate View of Human Nature. JAMA, 303(6), 557-558.
  9. Ekman, P. (2009). Become Versed in Reading Faces. Entrepreneur. Retrieved from http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/200934.
  10. Ekman, P. (2009). Lie Catching and Micro Expressions. In Martin, C. (Ed.), The Philosophy of Deception. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  11. Kendler, K. S., Halberstadt, L. J., Butera, F., Myers, J., Bouchard, T., & Ekman, P. (2008). The similarity of facial expressions in response to emotion-inducing films in reared-apart twins. Psychological Medicine, 38 (10), 1475-1483. doi:10.1017/S0033291707001535
  12. Tsiamyrtzis, P., Dowdall, J., Shastri, D., Pavlidis, I. T., Frank, M. G., & Ekman, P. (2007). Imaging Facial Physiology for the Detection of Deceit. International Journal of Computer Vision, 71(2), 197-214.
  13. Ekman, P. & O'Sullivan, M. (2006). From Flawed Self-Assessment to Blatant Whoppers: The Utility of Voluntary and Involuntary Behavior in Detecting Deception. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 24(5), 673-686.
  14. Levenson, R.W. (2006). Inside the Psychologist's Studio [Paul Ekman interviewed by Robert W. Levenson]. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(3), 270-276.
  15. Ekman, P., Davidson, R. J., Ricard, M., & Wallace, B. A. (2005). Buddhist and Psychological Perspectives on Emotions and Well-Being. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(2), 59-63.
  16. Frank M. G. & Ekman, P. (2004). Nonverbal Detection of Deception in Forensic Contexts. In O'Donohue, W. T. & Levensky, E. R. (Eds.), Handbook of Forensic Psychology: Resource for Mental Health and Legal Professionals (pp. 635-653). New York, NY: Elsevier Science.
  17. O’Sullivan, M. & Ekman, P. (2004). The wizards of deception detection. In Granhag, P. & Strömwall, L. (Eds.), The detection of deception in forensic contexts (pp. 269–286). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
  18. Ekman, P., (2003). Darwin, Deception, and Facial Expression. In Ekman, P., Campos, J. J., Davidson, R. J., & de Waal, F. B. M. (Eds.), Emotions inside out: 130 years after Darwin's: The expression of the emotions in man and animals (pp. 205-221). New York, NY: New York Academy of Sciences.
  19. Ekman, P. (2003). Sixteen Enjoyable Emotions. Emotion Researcher, 18, 6-7.
  20. Ekman, P. (2003). "Would You Lie To Me?" The Observer. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2003/apr/27/ukcrime9
  21. Feinberg, S. E., Blascovich, J. J., Cacioppo, J. T., Davidson, R. J., Ekman, P., Faigman, D. L., . . . Swets, J. A. (2003). The Polygraph and Lie Detection. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press.
  22. Keltner, D. & Ekman, P. (2003). Intoduction: Expression of Emotion. In Davidson, R. J., Scherer, K. R., & Goldsmith H. H. (Eds.), Handbook of Affective Sciences (pp. 411-414). New York: Oxford University Press.
  23. Keltner, D., Ekman, P., Gonzaga, G. C., Beer, J. (2003). Facial Expression of Emotion. In Davidson, R. J., Scherer, K. R., & Goldsmith, H. H. (Eds.), Handbook of Affective Sciences (pp. 415-432). New York: Oxford University Press.
  24. Levenson, R. W. & Ekman, P. (2002). Difficulty Does Not Account for Emotion-Specific Heart Rate Changes in the Directed Facial Action Task. Psychophysiology, 39, 397-405.
  25. Bugental, D. B., Shennum, W., Frank, M., & Ekman, P. (2001). "True Lies": Children's Abuse History and Power Attributions as Influences on Deception Detection. In Manusov, V. & Harvey, J. H. (Eds.), Attribution, Communication Behavior, and Close Relationships (pp. 248-265). Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
  26. Ekman, P. (2001). Facial expressions. In Blakemore, C. & Jennett, S. (Eds.), Oxford Companion to the Body. London: Oxford University Press.
  27. Ekman, P. (2001). Frowning. In Blakemore, C. & Jennett, S. (Eds.), Oxford Companion to the Body. London: Oxford University Press.
  28. Ekman, P. (2001). Smiling. In Blakemore, C. & Jennett, S. (Eds.), Oxford Companion to the Body. London: Oxford University Press.
  29. Rosenberg, E. L., Ekman, P., Jiang, W., Babyak, M., Coleman, R. E., Hanson, M., . . . O'Connor, C. (2001). Linkages Between Facial Expressions of Anger and Transient Myocardial Ischemia in Men With Coronary Artery Disease. Emotion, 1(2), 107-115.
  30. Ruch, W. & Ekman, P. (2001). The Expressive Pattern of Laughter. In Kaszniak, A. W. (Ed.) Emotion, qualia, and consciousness (pp. 426-433). Tokyo: World Scientific Publisher.
  31. Etcoff, N. L., Ekman, P., Magee, J. J., & Frank, M. G. (2000). Lie Detection and Language Comprehension. Nature, 405, 139.
  32. Keltner, D. & Ekman, P. (2000). Facial Expression of Emotion. In Lewis, M. & Haviland-Jones, J. (Eds.), Handbook of emotions, 2nd edition (pp. 236-249). New York: Guilford Publications, Inc.
  33. Matsumoto, D., LeRoux, J., Wilson-Cohn, C., Raroque, J., Kooken, K., Ekman, P, . . . Goh, A. (2000). A New Test to Measure Emotion Recognition Ability: Matsumoto and Ekman's Japanese and Caucasian Brief Affect Recognition Test (JACBART). Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 24(3), 179-209.
  34. Bartlett, M. S., Hager, J. C., Ekman, P., & Sejnowski, T. J. (1999). Measuring Facial Expressions By Computer Image Analysis. Psychophysiology, 36(2), 253-263.
  35. Ekman, P. (1999). Basic Emotions. In Dalgleish, T. & Power, M. J. (Eds.), Handbook of Cognition and Emotion (pp. 45-60). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  36. Ekman, P. (1999). Emotional and Conversational Nonverbal Signals. In Messing, L. S. & Campbell, R. (Eds.), Gesture, Speech, and Sign (pp. 45-55). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  37. Ekman, P. (1999). Facial Expressions. In Dalgleish, T. & Power, M. J. (Eds.), The Handbook of Cognition and Emotion (pp. 301-320). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  38. Ekman, P., O'Sullivan, M., & Frank, M. G. (1999). A Few Can Catch a Liar. Psychological Science, 10(3), 263-266.
  39. Ekman, P. (1998). Introduction To The Third Edition. In Ekman, P. (Ed.), The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animal (3rd ed., pp. xxi-xxxvi). New York: Oxford University Press.
  40. Ekman, P. (1998). Universality of Emotional Expression? A Personal History of the Dispute. In Ekman, P. (Ed.), The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (3rd ed., pp. 363-393). New York: Oxford University Press.
  41. Rosenberg. E. L., Ekman, P., & Blumenthal, J. A. (1998). Facial expression and the affective component of cynical hostility in male coronary heart disease patients. Health Psychology, 17(4), 376-380.
  42. Ekman, P. (1997). Deception, Lying and Demeanor. In Halpern, D. F. & Voiskounsky, A. E., States of Mind: American and Post-Soviet Perspectives on Contemporary Issues in Psychology (pp. 93-105). New York: Oxford University Press.
  43. Ekman, P. (1997). Emotion families . In Rauch, I. & Carr, G. F. (Eds.), Semiotics Around the World: Synthesis In Diversity (pp. 191-193). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
  44. Ekman, P. (1997). Expressive Behavior and the Recovery of a Traumatic Memory: Comments on the Videotapes of Jane Doe. Child Maltreatment, 2(2), 113-116.
  45. Ekman, P. (1997). Expression or Communication About Emotion? In Segal, G. E. & Weisfeld, C. C. (Eds.), Uniting Psychology and Biology: Integrative Perspectives on Human Development (pp. 315-338). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  46. Ekman, P. (1997). Should We Call It Expression Or Communication? Innovation, 10(4), 333-344. (Special Issue edited by Angelika Kofler).
  47. Ekman, P. (1997). What We Have Learned by Measuring Facial Behavior. In Ekman, P. & Rosenberg, E. L. (Eds.), What the Face Reveals (pp. 469-485). New York: Oxford University Press.
  48. Ekman, P., Matsumoto, D. R., & Friesen, W. V. (1997). Facial Expression in Affective Disorders. In Ekman, P. & Rosenberg, E. L. (Eds.), What the Face Reveals (pp. 331-342). New York: Oxford University Press.
  49. Frank, M. G. & Ekman, P. (1997). The Ability to Detect Deceit Generalizes Across Different Types of High-Stake Lies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(6), 1429-1439.
  50. Biehl, M., Matsumoto, D., Ekman, P., Hearn, V., Heider, K., Kudoh, T., & Ton, V. (1997). Matsumoto and Ekman's Japanese and Caucasian Facial Expressions of Emotion (JACFEE): Reliability data and cross-national differences. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 21(1), 3-21.
  51. Ekman, P. & Keltner, D. (1997). Universal facial expressions of emotion: An old controversy and new findings. In Segerstråle, U. C. & Molnár, P. (Eds.), Nonverbal communication: Where nature meets culture (pp. 27-46). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  52. Ekman, P. (1997). Lying and Deception. In Stein, N. L., Ornstein, P. A., Tversky, B., & Brainerd, C. (Eds.), Memory for Everyday and Emotional Events (pp. 333-347). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  53. Bartlett, M. S., Viola, P. A., Sejnowski, T. J., Golomb, B. A., Larsen, J., Hager, J. C., & Ekman, P. (1996). Classifying Facial Action. In Touretzky, D., Mozer, M., and Hasselmo, M. (Eds.), Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 8 (pp. 823-829). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  54. Ekman, P. (1996). A Lingua Franca Of Facial Expressions. Demos, 10, 37-38.
  55. Ekman, P. (1996). Why don't we catch liars? Social Research, 63(3), 801-817.
  56. Frank, M. G. & Ekman, P. (1996). Physiological Effects of the Smile. Directions in Psychiatry, 16(25), 1-8.
  57. Keltner, D. & Ekman, P. (1996). Affective Intensity and Emotional Responses. Cognition and Emotion, 10(3), 323-328.
  58. Rosenberg, E. L. & Ekman, P. (1995). Conceptual and Methodological Issues in the Judgement of Facial Expressions of Emotion. Motivation and Emotion, 19(2), 111-138.
  59. Ekman, P. (1994). All Emotions Are Basic. In Ekman, P. & Davidson, R. (Eds.), The Nature of Emotion: Fundamental Questions (pp. 15-19). New York: Oxford University Press.
  60. Ekman, P. (1994). Antecedent Events and Emotion Metaphors. In Ekman, P. & Davidson, R. (Eds.), The Nature of Emotion: Fundamental Questions (pp. 146-149). New York: Oxford University Press.
  61. Ekman, P. (1994). Moods, Emotions, and Traits. In Ekman, P. & Davidson, R. (Eds.), The Nature of Emotion: Fundamental Questions (pp. 56-58). New York: Oxford University Press.
  62. Ekman, P. (1994). Strong Evidence For Universals In Facial Expression: A reply to Russell's mistaken critique. Psychological Bulletin, 115(2), 268-287.
  63. Ekman, P. & Davidson, R. J. (1994). Affective Science: A Research Agenda. In Ekman, P. & Davidson, R. (Eds.), The Nature of Emotion: Fundamental Questions (pp. 411-430). New York: Oxford University Press.
  64. Matsumoto, D. & Ekman, P. (1994). Commentary on "A New Series of Slides Depicting Facial Expressions of Affect" by Mazurski and Bond (1993). Australian Journal of Psychology, 46(1), 58.
  65. Rosenberg, E. L. & Ekman, P. (1994). Coherence between Expressive and Experiential System of Emotions. Cognition and Emotion, 8(3), 201-229.
  66. Ekman, P. (1993). Facial Expression and Emotion. American Psychologist, 48(4), 384-392.
  67. Ekman, P. & Davidson, R. J. (1993). Voluntary Smiling Changes Regional Brain Activity. Psychological Science, 4(5), 342-345.
  68. Ekman, P. & Frank, M. G. (1993). Lies That Fail. In Lewis, M. & Saarni, C. (Eds.), Lying and deception in everyday life (pp. 184-200). New York: Guilford Press.
  69. Ekman, P. & O'Sullivan, M. (1993). Who is misleading whom? A reply to Nickerson and Hammond. American Psychologist, 48(9), 989-990.
  70. Frank, M. G. and Ekman, P. (1993). Not All Smiles Are Created Equal: The Differences Between Enjoyment and Nonenjoyment Smiles. Humor, 6(1), 9-26.
  71. Frank. M. G., Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1993). Behavioral markers and recognizability of the Smile of Enjoyment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(1), 83-93.
  72. Rosenberg, E. L. & Ekman, P. (1993). Facial Expression and Emotion. Neuroscience year: Supplement 3 to the Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, 51-52.
  73. Ekman, P. (1992). An Argument for Basic Emotions. Cognition and Emotion, 6(3/4), 169-200.
  74. Ekman, P. (1992). Are There Basic Emotions? Psychological Review, 99(3), 550-553.
  75. Ekman, P. (1992). Facial expressions of emotion: An old controversy and new findings. In Bruce, V., Cowey, A., Ellis, A. W., & Perrett, D. I. (Eds.), Processing the Facial Image (pp. 63-69). New York, NY: Clarendon Press/Oxford University Press.
  76. Ekman, P. (1992). Facial expressions of emotion: New findings, new questions. Psychological Science, 3(1) , 34-38.
  77. Ekman, P. (1992). Proposed Instructions to Juries about Judging Credibility. University of San Francisco.
  78. Levenson, R. W., Ekman, P., Heider, K., & Friesen, W. V. (1992). Emotion and Autonomic Nervous System Activity in the Minangkabau of West Sumatra. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62(6), 972-988.
  79. Ekman, P., & O'Sullivan M. (1991). Facial expression: methods, means, and moues. In Feldman, R. S. &. Rimé, B. (Eds.), Fundamentals of Nonverbal Behavior (pp. 163-199). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  80. Ekman, P. & O'Sullivan, M. (1991). Who Can Catch A Liar?. American Psychologist, 46(9), 913-920.
  81. Ekman, P., O'Sullivan, M., Friesen, W. V., & Scherer, K. R. (1991). Invited Article: Face, Voice, and Body in Detecting Deceit. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 15(2), 125-135.
  82. Ekman, P., O'Sullivan, M., & Matsumoto, D. (1991). Confusions About Context in the Judgement of Facial Expression: A Reply to "The Contempt Expression and the Relativity Thesis". Motivation and Emotion, 15(2), 169-176.
  83. Ekman, P., O'Sullivan, M., & Matsumoto, D. (1991). Contradictions in the Study of Contempt: What's It All About? Reply to Russell. Motivation and Emotion, 15(4) , 293-296.
  84. Matsumoto, D., Ekman, P., & Fridlund, A. (1991). Analyzing Nonverbal Behavior. In Dowrick, P. W. (Ed.), Practical Guide to Using Video in the Behavioral Sciences (pp. 153-165). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  85. Levenson, R. W., Carstensen, L. L., Friesen, W. V., & Ekman, P. (1991). Emotion, Physiology, and Expression in Old Age. Psychology and Aging, 6(1), 28-35.
  86. Chesney, M. A., Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., Black, G. W., & Hecker, M. H. L. (1990). Type A Behavior Pattern: Behavior and Speech Components. Psychosomatic Medicine, 53, 307-319.
  87. Davidson, R. J., Ekman, P., Saron, C. D., Senulis, J. A., & Friesen, W. V. (1990). Approach-Withdrawal and Cerebral Asymmetry: Emotional Expression and Brain Physiology I. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(2), 330-341.
  88. Ekman, P. (1990). Duchenne and facial expression of emotion. In Cuthbertson, R. A. (Ed. and Transl.), The Mechanism of Human Facial Expression (pp. 270-284). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  89. Ekman, P., Davidson, R. J., & Friesen, W. V. (1990). The Duchenne Smile: Emotional Expression and Brain Physiology II. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(2), 342-353.
  90. Levenson, R. W., Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1990). Voluntary Facial Action Generates Emotion-Specific Autonomic Nervous System Activity. Psychophysiology, 27(4) , 363-384.
  91. Zoccolotti, P., Caltagirone, C., Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. (1990). Methodological questions on the study of spontaneous emotional responding as compared to non verbal communication in brain damaged patients: Comments on Buck's reply (1989). Cortex: A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior, 26(2), 281-289.
  92. Caltagirone, C., Ekman, P., Friesen, W., Gainotti, G. (1989). Posed emotional expression in unilateral brain damaged patients. Cortex: A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior, 25(4), 653-663.
  93. Ekman, P. (1989). The Argument and Evidence about Universals in Facial Expression of Emotion. In Wagner, H. & Manstead, A. (Eds.), Handbook of Social Psychophysiology (pp. 143-164). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  94. Ekman, P. (1989). Why Lies Fail and What Behaviors Betray A lie. In Yuille, J. C. (Ed.), Credibility Assessment (pp. 71-81). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
  95. Ekman, P. & O'Sullivan, M. (1989). Hazards in Detecting Deceit. In Raskin, D. C. (Ed.), Psychological Methods in Criminal Investigation and Evidence (pp. 297-332). New York: Springer Publishing Company.
  96. Matsumoto, D. & Ekman, P. (1989). American-Japanese Cultural Differences in Intensity Ratings of Facial Expressions of Emotion. Motivation and Emotion, 13(2), 143-157.
  97. Ekman. P. (1988). Lying and Nonverbal Behavior Theoretical Issues and New Findings. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 12(3) , 163-175.
  98. Ekman, P. (1988). Self-Deception and Detection of Misinformation. In Lockhard, J. S. & Paulhus, D. L. (Eds.), Self-Deception: An Adaptive Mechanism? (pp. 229-250). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  99. Ekman, P. & Friesen, W. V. (1988). Who Knows What About Contempt: A Reply To Izard And Haynes. Motivation and Emotion, 12(1), 17-22.
  100. Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & O'Sullivan, M. (1988). Smiles When Lying. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(3), 414-420.
  101. Ekman, P. & Heider, K. G. (1988). The Universality of a Contempt Expression: A Replication. Motivation and Emotion, 12(3), 303-308.
  102. O'Sullivan, M., Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1988). The Effect of Comparisons on Detecting Deceit. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 12(3). 203-215.
  103. Mammucari, A., Caltagirone, C., Ekman, P., Friesen, W., Gainotti, G., Pizzamiglio, L., & Zoccolotti, P. (1988). Spontaneous Facial Expression of Emotions in Brain-Damaged Patients. Cortex, 24, 521-533.
  104. Ekman, P. (1987). A Life's Pursuit. In Sebeok, T. A. & Umiker-Sebeok, J. (Eds.), The Semiotic Web '86. An International Yearbook (pp. 4-46). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
  105. Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., O'Sullivan, M., Chan, A., Diacoyanni-Tarlatzis, I., Heider, K., . . . Tzavaras, A. (1987). Universals and Cultural Differences in the Judgment of Facial Expressions of Emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53(4), 712-717.
  106. Ekman, P. & Fridlund, A. J. (1987). Assessment of Facial Behavior in Affective Disorders. In Maser, J. D. (Ed.), Depression and Expressive Behavior (pp. 37-56). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  107. Ekman, P., & O'Sullivan, M. (1987). The Role of Context in Interpreting Facial Expression: Comment on Russell and Fehr. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 117(1), 86-88.
  108. Fridlund, A. J., Ekman, P., & Oster, H. (1987). Facial Expressions of Emotion: Review of Literature, 1970-1983. In Siegman, A. W. & Feldstein, S. (Eds.), Nonverbal Behavior and Communication (pp. 143-224). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  109. Pizzamiglio, L., Caltagirone, C., Mammucari, A., Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. Imitation of Facial Movements in Brain Damaged Patients. Cortex, 23, 207-221.
  110. Ekman, P. & Friesen, W. V. (1986). A New Pan-Cultural Facial Expression of Emotion. Motivation and Emotion, 10(2), 159-168.
  111. Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Simons, R. C. (1985). Is the Startle Reaction an Emotion? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(5), 1416-1426.
  112. Hager, J. C., & Ekman, P. (1985). The Asymmetry of Facial Actions is Inconsistent with Models of Hemispheric Specialization. Psychophysiology, 22(3) , 307-318.
  113. O'Sullivan, M., Ekman, P., Friesen, W., & Scherer, K. (1985). What You Say and How You Say It: The Contribution of Speech Content and Voice Quality to Judgments of Others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48(1), 54-62.
  114. Ekman, P. (1984). Expression and the Nature of Emotion. In Scherer, K. & Ekman, P. (Eds.), Approaches to Emotion (pp. 319-343). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  115. Ekman, P. & Scherer, K. R. (1984). Questions about emotion: An Introduction. In Scherer, K. & Ekman, P. (Eds.), Approaches to Emotion, (pp. 1-8). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  116. Ekman, P., Levenson, R. W., & Friesen, W. V. (1983). Autonomic Nervous System Activity Distinguishes Among Emotions. Science, 221(4616), 1208-1210.
  117. Hager, J. C. & Ekman, P. (1983). The Inner and Outer Meanings of Facial Expressions. In Cacioppo, J. T. & Petty, R. E. (Eds.), Social Psychophysiology (pp. 287-306). New York: Guilford Press.
  118. Ekman, P. (1982). Facial Expression and Facial Nerve Surgery. In Graham, M. D. & House, W. F. (Eds.), Disorders of the Facial Nerve (pp. 363-368). New York: Raven Press.
  119. Ekman, P. (1982). Methods for Measuring Facial Action. In Scherer, K. R. & Ekman, P. (Eds.), Handbook of Methods in Nonverbal Behavior Research (pp. 45-90). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  120. Ekman, P. & Friesen, W. V. (1982). Felt, False, and Miserable Smiles. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 6(4), 238-252.
  121. Scherer, K. R. & Ekman, P. (1982). Methodological issues in studying nonverbal behavior. In Scherer, K. R. & Ekman, P. (Eds.), Handbook of Methods in Nonverbal Behavior Research (pp. 1-45). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  122. Ekman, P. (1981). Mistakes When Deceiving. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 364, 269-278.
  123. Ekman, P., Hager, J. C., & Friesen, W. V. (1981). The Symmetry of Emotional and Deliberate Facial Actions. Psychophysiology, 18(2), 101-106.
  124. Hager, J. C. & Ekman, P. (1981). Methodological Problems in Tourangeau and Ellsworth's study of Facial Expression and Experience of Emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40(2), 358- 362.
  125. Ekman, P. (1980). Asymmetry in Facial Expression. Science, 209, 833-834.
  126. Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Ancoli, S. (1980). Facial Signs of Emotional Experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(6), 1125-1134.
  127. Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., O'Sullivan, M., & Scherer, K. (1980). Relative Importance of Face, Body, and Speech in Judgments of Personality and Affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(2), 270-277.
  128. Ekman, P., Roper, G., & Hager, J. C. (1980). Deliberate Facial Movement. Child Development, 51, 886-891.
  129. Ekman, P. (1979). About brows: emotional and conversational signals. In von Cranach, M., Foppa, K., Lepenies, W., & Ploog, D. (Eds.), Human ethology (pp. 169-249). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  130. Ekman, P., Brattesani, K. A., O'Sullivan, M., & Friesen, W. V. (1979). Does Image Size Affect Judgements of the Face? Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 4(1), 57-61.
  131. Ekman, P. & Oster, H. (1979). Facial Expressions of Emotion. Annual Review of Psychology, 30, 527-554.
  132. Friesen, W. V., Ekman, P., & Wallbott, H. (1979). Measuring Hand Movements. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 4(2), 97-112.
  133. Hager, J. C. & Ekman, P. (1979). Long-Distance Transmission of Facial Affect Signals. Ethology and Sociobiology, 1, 77-82.
  134. Ekman P. (1978). Facial Signs: Facts, Fantasies, and Possibilities. In Sebeok, T. (Ed.), Sight, Sound, and Sense (pp. 124-156). Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
  135. Oster, H. & Ekman, P. (1978). Facial Behavior in Child Development. In Collins, W. A. (Ed.), Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology Volume 11 (pp. 231-276). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  136. Ekman P. (1977). Biological and Cultural Contributions to Body and Facial Movement. In Blacking, J. (Ed.), The Anthropology of the Body (pp. 34-84). London: Academic Press.
  137. Ekman, P. (1977). Facial Expression . In Siegman, A. & Feldstein, S. (Eds.), Nonverbal Communication and Behavior (pp. 97-126). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Association.
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  139. Ekman, P. & Friesen, W. V. (1977). Nonverbal Behavior . In Ostwald, P. F. (Ed.), Communication and Social Interaction (pp. 37-46). New York: Grune & Stratton.
  140. Ekman, P. (1976). Movements with Precise Meanings. Journal of Communication, 26(3), 14-26.
  141. Ekman, P. & Friesen, W. V. (1976). Measuring Facial Movement. Environmental Psychology and Nonverbal Behavior, 1(1), 56-75.
  142. Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Scherer, K. R. (1976). Body Movement and Violence Pitch in Deceptive Interaction. Semiotica, 16(1), 23-27.
  143. Harrison, R. & Ekman, P. (1976). TV's Last Frontier: South Africa. Journal of Communication, 26(1), 102-109.
  144. Johnson, H. G., Ekman, P., Friesen, W., Nyhan, W. L., & Shear, C. (1976). A Behavioral Phenotype in the de Lange Syndrome. Pediatric Research, 10, 843-850.
  145. Boucher, J. D. & Ekman, P. (1975). Facial Areas and Emotional Information. Journal of Communication, 25(2), 21-29.
  146. Johnson, H. G., Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1975). Communicative Body Movements: American Emblems. Semiotica, 15(4), 335-353.
  147. Ekman, P. & Friesen W. V. (1974). Detecting Deception from the Body or Face. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 29(3), 288-298.
  148. Ekman, P. & Friesen, W. V. (1974). Nonverbal Behavior and Psychopathology. In Friedman, R. J. & Katz, M. M. (Eds.), The Psychology of Depression: Contemporary Theory and Research (pp. 203-232). Washington, D.C.: Winston & Sons.
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  150. Ekman, P. & Friesen W. V. (1972). Hand Movements . Journal of Communication, 22, 353-374.
  151. Ekman, P., Liebert, R. M., Friesen, W. V., Harrison, R., Zlatchin, C., Malmstrom, E. J., & Baron, R. A. (1972). Facial Expressions of Emotion while Watching Televisied Violence as Predictors of Subsequent Aggression. In Comstock, G. A., Rubinstein, E. A., & Murray, J. P. (Eds.), Television and Social Behavior, Vol. V: Television's Effects: Further Explorations (pp. 22-58). Washington, D.C.: U. S. Government Printing Office.
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  153. Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Tomkins, S. S. (1971). Facial Affect Scoring Technique: A First Validity Study. Semiotica, 3, 37-58.
  154. Ekman, P. (1970). Universal Facial Expressions of Emotions. California Mental Health Research Digest, 8(4), 151-158.
  155. Ekman, P. & Friesen, W. V. (1969). A Tool for the Analysis of Motion Picture Film or Video Tape. American Psychologist, 24(3), 240-243.
  156. Ekman, P. & Friesen, W. V. (1969). Nonverbal Leakage and Clues to Deception. Psychiatry, 32(1), 88-106.
  157. Ekman, P. & Friesen, W. V. (1969). The Repertoire of Nonverbal Behavior: Categories, Origins, Usage, and Coding. Semiotica, 1(1), 49-98.
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  162. Verba, S., Brody, R. A., Parker, E. B., Nie, N. H., Polsby, N. W., Ekman, P., & Black, G. S. (1967). Public Opinion and the War in Vietnam. The American Political Science Review, 61(2), 317-333.
  163. Ekman, P., Tufte, E. R., Archibald, K., & Brody, R. A. (1966). Coping with Cuba: divergent policy preferences of state political leaders. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 10(2), 180-197.
  164. Ekman, P. (1965). Communication through nonverbal behavior: A Source of information about an interpersonal relationship. In Tomkins, S. S. & Izard, C. E. (Eds.), Affect, Cognition And Personality: Empirical Studies (pp. 390-442). Oxford, England: Springer.
  165. Ekman, P. (1965). Differential Communication of Affect by Head and Body Cues. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2(5), 726-735.
  166. Weiss, R. L., Ekman, P., Ullman, L. P., & Krasner, L. (1965). The Context of Reinforcement in Verbal Conditioning. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 21(1), 99-100.
  167. Ekman, P. (1964). Body Position, Facial Expression, and Verbal Behavior During Interviews. Abnormal and Social Psychology, 68(3), 295-301.
  168. Ekman, P., Cohen, L., Moos, R., Raine, W., Schlesinger, M., & Stone, G. (1963). Divergent Reactions to the Threat of War. Science, 139(3550), 88-94.
  169. Ekman, P., Krasner, L., & Ullman, L. P. (1963). Interaction of Set and Awareness as Determinants of Response to Verbal Conditioning. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66(4), 387-389.
  170. Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Lutzker, D. R. (1962). Psychological Reactions to Infantry Basic Training. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 26(1), 103-104.
  171. Ekman, P. (1961). Research As Therapy?. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 133(3), 229-232.
  172. Ekman, P. (1957). A Methodological Discussion of Nonverbal Behavior. The Journal of Psychology, 43, 141-149.

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